Towards And Explicit Description Of Possessivity
نویسنده
چکیده
Any grA-ar must aocou~t for the category of possessiv-ity. As far as we ~now this category is not yet exhaustively described for any language. In this paper we want to demonstrate an explicit approach to this complicated language phenomenon. The functional generative grammar proposed by Sgall and worked out in the group of Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, is chosen for this description. Distinction between the ontologi~,al notion of possess-ivlty and the language counterpart of it is~ drawn and distinction between meaning of possessivity and forms of its expression is shown. These distinctions are exemplified on the notion of so-called possessive dative, which is not an expression of possessive meaning. Arguments for establishing, this meaning of dative are shown as based on. ontological criteria. Various constructions and expressions used for expressing the possessive meaning are enumerated and their syntactic and semantic character is discussed. Three main meanings of the verb %0 have are described: I. full lexlcal meaning-a possessive one connected with active-passive transformation, 2. copulative meaning I connected with he__construction transformation, 3. copulative meanin~ connected with any of these transformations. Some differences between copula to b._._.~e and copulative to have are shown. In the b_e-sentences the subject member of the class is-232
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